The Rubber Fig (Ficus elastica), known for its glossy, broad leaves and adaptability, has become a popular choice for indoor and outdoor cultivation in the United States.

Originally native to Southeast Asia, this resilient plant thrives in a range of environments and can grow impressively large under the right conditions.

Whether grown as a houseplant or in suitable outdoor regions, cultivating a Rubber Fig in the U.S. requires proper care and understanding of its needs.

Rubber Figs can be cultivated successfully indoors throughout the United States, while outdoor growth is limited to regions with mild climates, such as USDA Hardiness Zones 10-12.

These zones include parts of California, Texas, Florida, and other southern states where temperatures rarely drop below 30°F (-1°C).

Light Requirements: Rubber Figs prefer bright, indirect light. When grown outdoors, they do well in dappled sunlight or partial shade. Indoors, placing the plant near an east- or north-facing window works best.

Excessive direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, while insufficient light can lead to slow growth and leaf drop.

Temperature: The ideal temperature range for Rubber Figs is between 60°F and 80°F (16°C to 27°C). Outdoor plants should be protected from cold drafts, frost, and sudden temperature drops.

Indoors, avoid placing them near heaters, air conditioning vents, or cold windows during winter.

Humidity: Rubber Figs thrive in moderate to high humidity. If indoor air is dry, especially during winter, using a humidifier or placing a water-filled pebble tray near the plant can help maintain adequate humidity levels.

Rubber Figs prefer well-draining soil that retains some moisture. A good potting mix consists of a blend of peat, pine bark, and perlite. Commercial houseplant or tropical plant mixes also work well.

Container: Repot the Rubber Fig every 1-2 years, or when it outgrows its container, to provide room for root development.

Consistent watering is essential for Rubber Fig cultivation, but overwatering should be avoided.

Indoor Watering: Allow the top 1-2 inches of soil to dry out between waterings. Typically, watering once every 1-2 weeks is sufficient, depending on the humidity and temperature.

Outdoor Watering: Outdoor Rubber Figs need more frequent watering, especially during hot weather. Ensure the soil drains well and avoid water pooling around the base of the plant.

During the growing season (spring and summer), feed the Rubber Fig with a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks. Reduce or stop fertilization during fall and winter when growth slows.

Regular pruning helps maintain the plant's shape and size. Indoors, Rubber Figs can be kept compact by trimming leggy or unruly branches. Remove any dead or damaged leaves to encourage healthy growth.

For outdoor Rubber Figs, occasional pruning helps manage their size, as they can grow up to 50 feet tall in their native habitat. Always use clean, sharp pruning tools to avoid introducing diseases.

Rubber Figs are relatively pest-resistant but can be affected by common issues like:

Spider Mites: Tiny webs and speckled leaves indicate an infestation. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Mealybugs and Scale: Wipe leaves with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove these pests.

Root Rot: Caused by overwatering; ensure the soil drains properly and let it dry out between waterings.

Rubber Figs can be propagated through stem cuttings:

Take a 4-6 inch cutting with a healthy leaf.

Let the cut end dry for an hour to stop the sap flow.

Place the cutting in water or moist soil until roots develop.

Rubber Fig cultivation in the United States is rewarding and straightforward with the right care. Whether grown indoors for their aesthetic appeal or outdoors in warmer climates, these resilient plants provide beauty, greenery, and air-purifying benefits.

By understanding their needs for light, water, and maintenance, you can enjoy a healthy, thriving Rubber Fig in your home or garden.